Do you really know the dangers of wood-frame building collapse? In 1998, two Fire Department of New York officers died when the second floor of a three-story wood-frame building collapsed, throwing them into the fire on the first floor. In a two year period in the 1980s, a chief and an officer were killed and an officer and nine firefighters were seriously injured in four separate collapses of braced frame wooden buildings.
Of the three types of wood frame building collapses, the inward/outward collapse is the most dangerous. It gives no warning and can result in the simultaneous collapse of two or more sides of the structure. Of the five types of building construction– fire resistive noncombustible, ordinary, heavy timber, and wood frame–only the triple decker, wood, braced-frame burning building suffers multiple-side wall collapse in which three or four sides collapse at once.
“三重decker”木框建筑物崩溃的三个原因是（1）轴承壁的火灾破坏，（2）弯曲和弯曲关节的故障，以及（3）外部木墙的过载。燃烧的三个或更多故事的木制建筑比燃烧一层或两层的木材建筑更频繁地崩溃。暴露于火灾时，拐角处或独自站立的木制建筑物比在一排类似建筑物的中央的木制建筑物更容易倒塌。
To understand how a burning wood-frame residence building “triple decker” collapses and how to extinguish a fire within a wood-frame building, a firefighter must know how a wood-frame building is constructed. The four most widely used methods of wood-frame, “triple decker” construction over the past 200 years are braced frame, balloon frame, platform frame, and lightweight wood truss construction.
有关此主题的更多信息，请转到vincentdunn.comorGoogle search “wood-frame building collapse.”Chief Dunn can be reached at 1-800-231-3388 or via e-mail atvincentdunn@earthlink.net.
副局长邓恩（纽约消防局局长）是许多教科书的作者，包括新教科书Strategy of Firefighting(Fire Engineering, 2007),Collapse of Burning Buildings(Fire Engineering, 1988),Safety and Survival on the Fireground(Fire Engineering, 1992),andCommand and Control of Fires and Emergencies(Fire Engineering, 1999).
