By Raul Angulo
“救援响应，发动机9，梯子6，救援1，密歇根州18和营4. Aurora桥 - 桥上的跳线。”
This is a dispatch I heard throughout my career as a lieutenant on Engine 9 and again as captain of Ladder 6. The Aurora Bridge, formally known as the George Washington Memorial Bridge, is a cantilever and truss bridge that opened in Seattle, Washington on February 22, 1932. It is 167 feet high, spans 475 feet across the water, and is 70 feet wide. The total length of the bridge is 2,945 feet. Like many landmark bridges in major cities, it has been the site of many high-profile incidents.
On November 27, 1988, the Metro Bus shooting–which killed three people–happened on the Aurora Bridge. After the bus driver was shot twice, the shooter turned the gun on himself. With the driver dead, the bus veered off the bridge and fell 50 feet, landing on the roof of an apartment complex below the bridge. Thirty-six people were also injured in this spectacular crash.
奥罗拉桥（Aurora Bridge）也是2015年9月24日发生的另一场壮观撞车事故的地点，当时鸭子是两栖车辆的旅游景点，失去控制权并撞到了租车巴士的一边，杀死了五名在公共汽车内的交换学生。没有骑鸭子的游客死亡。
Another harsh reality of life is suicide. It’s been around since the Bible but it’s never easy to accept. The Aurora Bridge is in the top 10 suicide structures in the world and is the second most “popular” bridge for committing suicide in the United States (The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California is #1). There have been more than230 suicides on the Aurora Bridge, which means on average, there’s one jumper approximately every three months. I’ve personally been on 10 jumper incidents that I can immediately recall. Bottom line, if you have a structure in your city that has a history as a suicide venue, you better plan for it because it’s going to happen again. It’s just life.
您部门的政策是什么？
许多城市都有这些类型的incide政策nts. Sometimes the fire department is the lead agency; most times the police department is the lead agency. The police get specialized human and psychological behavior training to handle hostage negotiations and suicide prevention. It is unlikely that fire departments receive this type of training. The police usually have an officer or a team qualified to respond and handle (talk down) bridge jumpers. The fire department may also require the technical rescue team to be the lead company in charge of the fire department’s rescue responsibilities in this multi-agency response. So, know your department’s policy and procedures for suicide attempts of this nature and follow them, however no policy can cover every situation.
What are you going to do if the police are tied up in another serious incident across town and it could be considerable time before a qualified negotiating team can be assembled? Or what if the technical rescue team is out of service on another call? If you’re on a ladder company and you could find yourself being first-in on a bridge jumper, you have to have a contingency plan. You have a duty to act. The public expects it, especially with all the rescue equipment that is carried on a truck company. We have at times过度监管对于常规消防公司来说，许多曾经是普通做法的任务，并将这些任务“专业化”，只有那些接受过认证培训的人才能执行。不要陷入“You know, we would have been able to save him before we were trained.”Have a plan. This is the plan my crew and I came up with.
演习
首先，记住这一点！
如果您有一个想跳或威胁要跳的人 - 您没有病人或可行的受害者。他们不想被救出。因此，这不是救援。这是一个警察事件。保护该区域并等待警察。
If you’re not sure if they are suicidal, WAIT for the police.
不要成为问题的一部分，也不要危害您的船员为有死亡愿望的人危害您的船员。
Usually someone who is trapped or changes their mind from jumping will yell for help. They will be very scared, but they will be very cooperative.
Now you have a patient or a viable victim.
现在你有救援。
有关的
RESPONDING TO JUMPER INCIDENTS
RESCUERS SAVE JUMPER FROM TOWER CRANE
电源线跳线
“Suicide in Progress”: Response Strategies
设备
There’s no specific list, but talk with your crew on what they think is important to bring on the first go and what they can actually carry. Then prepare a list of equipment you’ll need to request from other incoming units.
Roof ladders are a valuable tool in any rescue, but especially for bridges. Don’t leave them on the rigs. Get ladders into a forward position, ready to deploy. That may be the only tool you need. You may also need the hooks. Here’s a list of other equipment to consider:
- 绳索救援设备
- Pike poles and roof hooks
- Power tools
- EMS跳套件
- 便携式照明（夜行动）
- Traffic vests
- Traffic cones
Consider spotting the apparatus to block your immediate area from oncoming traffic.
安全首先：设置
为培训目标执行风险/福利分析。使用常识并选择合理的进化，而无需承担不必要的风险。训练时，不值得让机组人员受伤；但是您需要为此训练。
Use ladder belts and rescue harnesses if you’re drilling on the edge.
许多桥梁都有保护性的金属围栏或阻止人们试图爬上桥外面的障碍，但是对于一个坚定的人来说，往往仍然很容易绕过它们。在最接近桥梁末端的部分上进行钻。第一部分通常以相同的方式构造中跨部分的构造方式。这将秋季危险降低到消防员可能的最低风险。确保本节具有良好的立足点和牢固抓地力的位置。
一名机组人员需要扮演受害者。消防员到位后，将梯带固定到桥上。现在，消防员被固定在桥上，您已经准备好开始实际的演变。
The Evolution
While working from the bridge deck, Firefighter 1 reaches through the railing to quickly grab hold of the victim by any means possible.
消防员2抓住锚皮带并将其包裹在栏杆上。然后，消防员2穿过栏杆，并将患者的腰带施加到受害者上，并立即使用登山扣将其夹在锚固带上。消防员1可以用一只手帮助将患者安全带靠在腰部，而消防员2将其固定。现在，受害者被固定在桥上。
一旦受害者被固定在桥上，紧迫性就结束了。花时间正确将患者线束的腿带固定到受害者身上。现在，您可以放慢脚步并考虑下一步要做什么。聚在一起制定计划。
In our scenario, we decided to throw another anchor strap onto the bridge railing and set up a belay system using a 540 device. The rope ran through the 540 and was attached to the patient harness with a carabiner. Now this patient is totally secured with a backup system.
营救受害者
If the victim is to be lowered to the ground, or to a waiting rescue boat on the water below the bridge, a main line would have to be rigged of sufficient length to reach the water’s surface below in addition to the belay line. A 300-foot rescue rope is sufficient for our bridge since it is only 167 feet high.
In our scenario, we chose to make a door through the metal fence and pull the victim onto the bridge deck. A battery-powered recip saw with a metal cutting blade will work just fine. How do I know? Because Ladder 6 ended up having this exact scenario in real life on the Aurora Bridge. The rescue was a success. Quick, safe, and simple. Keep it simple. That’s about all there is to it.
Tiller Tape, Stripes, Markers, and Other Clever Uses for Tape
RAUL A. ANGULO是Ladder Co. 6的名誉上尉，并从西雅图（WA）消防局退休，拥有超过35年的专用服务。他是国际作家，讲师and serves on the advisory board for火灾设备和紧急设备杂志。
