格雷戈里·哈维尔（Gregory Havel）
At one time, greenhouses were used seasonally to start plants from seeds during the late winter so that they would be ready for gardens as soon as the soil was warm enough. These greenhouses (photo 1) were usually simple structures of wood and glass with side windows and a roof section that you could open for ventilation and to control the indoor temperature. In colder climates, they often had a wood or oil-burning stove or a small boiler to prevent freezing at night. Although most older greenhouses were made of glass in wood frames, some were built of steel frames with glass panes. Greenhouses were also used to house plants from outdoor summer gardens that were not hardy enough to survive snow and freezing temperatures.
（1）作者的照片。
随着塑料在1960年代的可用性越来越多，使用塑料床单建造了温室。照片2显示了一所大学的温室，该温室是由木面框架支撑的瓦楞玻璃纤维增强塑料板建造的。该产品是半透明的，比玻璃更能抵抗破裂，尽管它是可燃的，但玻璃不是玻璃。
(2)
随着1970年代和1980年代能源价格的迅速上涨，由单窗格玻璃或塑料制成的温室变得昂贵。开发并销售了带有双层绝缘玻璃的挤压铝制框架的温室。照片3显示了这种类型的温室，该温室建于1990年代，墙壁底部附近有手动操作的窗户，并有一个电动屋顶部分进行通风。这个温室在冬季使用高效率的燃气炉进行加热，而仅阳光就无法提供足够的热量。这些温室的建设类似于现代办公楼和商业占领的入口和前部，除了它们是主要结构，而不是附属于砌体或其他材料建筑物的附件。
(3)
Also developed were greenhouses that were framed with round metallic tubing that supported flexible, translucent plastic sheeting. Sometimes, this was double-layered with air pumped between the layers to provide insulation.
During the past 15 years, other types of plastic glazing materials have been developed. Among these is a nearly-transparent, multilayered, flexible honeycomb of extruded polycarbonate plastic. Photo 4 shows the edge of a sheet of the double-layered polycarbonate honeycomb.
（4）
Photo 5 shows the edge of a sheet of the triple-layered polycarbonate honeycomb. Polycarbonate plastic has double the impact-resistance of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic, although it is not as scratch-resistant. Without any coatings or tinting, it blocks about 97 percent of the ultraviolet spectrum (UV-A and UV-B). A thermoplastic material, it begins to soften at 297°F (147°C), and melts at 311°F (155°C). When it ignites, it burns with much smoke, which contains several toxic chemicals, including phosgene.
（5）
照片6显示了聚碳酸酯蜂窝温室壁的一部分。聚碳酸酯面板的边缘设置在挤压铝通道中，并用硅胶化合物密封。聚碳酸酯面板与螺钉和垫圈连接到框架上。这张照片还显示了墙板的一部分操作系统，您可以为通风和温度控制开放。
（6）
At a response to an incident involving a greenhouse, keep in mind that all greenhouses share the following common characteristics of whatever materials they are made:
- 温室旨在仅支撑积雪和冰的活力，并且不足以用作工作表面，即使在屋顶梯子上也是如此。
- Most greenhouses have a heat source that uses fuel (usually natural gas, LP gas, or fuel oil) that you will need to shut off if there is a fire. Some greenhouses may be heated by steam or hot water coils fed from a boiler in an adjacent building.
- 季节性使用的温室可以用于存储工具，动力设备和化学药品。准备危险材料。
- If they are glazed with glass, this material can be broken from the ground even if they are made of multipaned insulating glass.
- 如果它们涂有一种塑料材料，它们将融化或燃烧，而没有消防员进行垂直通风。
- 它们并非旨在容纳消防员用作工作表面的使用，并保证在我们的体重下崩溃。远离这些结构！
有关温室和用于建造它们的塑料材料的更多信息，请互联网搜索“温室”，“温室塑料”，“温室塑料面板”和“温室聚碳酸酯面板”。
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Gregory Havelis a member of the Town of Burlington (WI) Fire Department; a retired deputy chief and training officer; and a 40-year veteran of the fire service. He is a Wisconsin-certified fire instructor II, fire officer II, and fire inspector; an adjunct instructor in fire service programs at Gateway Technical College; and safety director for Scherrer Construction Co., Inc. Havel has a bachelor’s degree from St. Norbert College, has more than 40 years of experience in facilities management and building construction, and presents classes at FDIC and other venues.
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